Cause of death Prostate cancer Resting place Sacred Heart Cemetery . If you really want to do something for me, get me one of those hats you wear in the movies. Picasso (who got the hat and sent Cooper a painting) was not alone in being charmed by Coopers directness and his refusal to be what he was not.. He was known for being the silent hero and strong man of the film industry. [50] Critics singled out Cooper as a "dynamic new personality" and future star. Gary Cooper and his wife, Veronica Balfe, circa 1933. [4] His mother hailed from Gillingham, Kent, and married Charles in Montana. [149] The efforts of three directors and several eminent screenwriters could not salvage what could have been a fine vehicle for Cooper. His love for the outdoors went back to youthful years on his fathers Montana ranch. [73] The demands and pressures of making 10 films in two years left Cooper exhausted and in poor health, suffering from anemia and jaundice. "[390] He received the last rites on Friday, May 12, and died quietly the next day. "[168] In the film, Cooper plays Long John Willoughby, a down-and-out bush-league pitcher hired by a newspaper to pretend to be a man who promises to commit suicide on Christmas Eve to protest all the hypocrisy and corruption in the country. Spend a day in the hills alone, or with good companions? "[130][Note 3], Back at Paramount, Cooper returned to a more comfortable genre in Ernst Lubitsch's romantic comedy Bluebeard's Eighth Wife (1938) with Claudette Colbert. Died. "[386] On April 17, Cooper watched the Academy Awards ceremony on television and saw his good friend James Stewart, who had presented Cooper with his first Oscar years earlier, accept on Cooper's behalf an honorary award for lifetime achievement his third Oscar. Illustrated throughout with 175 photographs, including . [185] Though small in scale, Ball of Fire was one of the top-grossing films of the year[186] and Cooper's fourth consecutive picture to make the top 20. "[68][69] Despite the tensions on the set, Cooper produced "one of his best performances", according to Thornton Delehanty of the New York Evening Post. Last Known Residence . [257] In Hugo Fregonese's action adventure film Blowing Wild (1953) with Barbara Stanwyck, he plays a wildcatter in Mexico, who gets involved with an oil-company executive and his unscrupulous wife with whom he once had an affair. [349][350], Cooper was naturally reserved and introspective, and loved the solitude of outdoor activities. Gary Cooper, Hollywoods homespun hero, was another product of its big star erathe same era in which names like Clark Gable, John Wayne, Errol Flynn and Tyrone Power became household words to millions. Written by: Clarence Budington Kelland (story), Robert Riskin (screenplay) Cast: Gary Cooper, Jean Arthur. the really satisfying things I do are offered me, free, for nothing. [181] This ability to project elements of his own personality onto his characters produced a continuity across his performances to the extent that critics and audiences were convinced he was simply "playing himself". [95] Cooper changed his name legally to "Gary Cooper" in August 1933. According to her, she had gone everywhere with her parents. [113] After making Frank Borzage's romantic comedy film Desire with Marlene Dietrich at Paramount, in which he delivered a performance considered by some contemporary critics as one of his finest,[113] Cooper returned to Poverty Row for the first time since his early silent-film days to make Frank Capra's Mr. 1936. In a time when the We. Cooper accompanied her on some assignments. [304] By all accounts, he was a patient and affectionate father, teaching Maria to ride a bicycle, play tennis, ski, and ride horses. [147] Despite the clever screenplay by Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder,[148] and solid performances by Cooper and Colbert,[146] American audiences had trouble accepting Cooper in the role of a shallow philanderer. By coincidence, Cooper was the same age as The Virginian, the novel which Owen Wister started writing in 1901. Cooper was born on May 7 that year. Burial. Carolina Knapp. [395], Naturalness is hard [for me] to talk about, but I guess it boils down to this: you find out what people expect of your type of character and then you give them what they want. He came here almost directly from a ranch near Helena, Mont., his birthplace, rather than by way of the stage, radio or other entertainment media. During World War I he quit school, moved to the ranch and ran a 500-head herd. [189] Cooper was reluctant to play the seven-time All-Star, who had died only the previous year from ALS (now commonly called "Lou Gehrig's disease"). Gary D Cooper of Clarkston, Oakland County, Michigan was born on November 11, 1944, and died at age 63 years old on February 14, 2008. [180] York admired Cooper's performance and helped promote the film for Warner Bros.[181] Sergeant York became the top-grossing film of the year and was nominated for 11 Academy Awards. Alec Guinness, Karl Malden, Dinah Shore, Rosalind Russell, and many others were in attendance as well. Gary Cooper. But I said no. [330][331][332][333] Lupe Vlez once told Hedda Hopper of Vlez' affair with Cooper; whenever he would come home after seeing Lawler, she would sniff for Lawler's cologne. Gary Cooper Networth Gary Cooper Death Photos, Gary Cooper was an actor and comedian. Death . [35] Hoping to move beyond the risky stunt work and obtain acting roles, Cooper paid for a screen test and hired casting director Nan Collins to work as his agent. Updated: November 3, 2011. From the silent film era to the end of the golden age of Classical Hollywood, Gary Cooper was one of the biggest stars in the industry. Death Pictures: Gary Cooper As per online sources, Gary Cooper died in 1961 on May 13. [373] In the following years, Cooper contemplated his mortality and his personal behavior,[370] and started discussing Catholicism with his family. His death was attributed to his mother's smoking. He suffered a severe shoulder injury during the filming of Blowing Wild when he was hit by metal fragments from a dynamited oil well, as well as his ongoing treatment for ulcers. His 20th. Before, I never got engrossed in the story. Artist: John Falter. [259] Despite its beautiful cinematography, the film received poor reviews. Info Category: Richest Celebrities Actors Net. [87] Co-starring Helen Hayes, a leading New York theatre star and Academy Award winner,[88] and Adolphe Menjou, the film presented Cooper with one of his most ambitious and challenging dramatic roles,[88] playing an American ambulance driver wounded in Italy, who falls in love with an English nurse during World War I. He said the wife and daughter took the death calmly. Those leading lights of the Rat Pack had hosted a dinner for Cooper in January 1961 at the Friars Club. He later portrayed more mature characters at odds with the world in films such as The Fountainhead (1949) and High Noon (1952). "[401], Fellow actors admired his abilities as an actor. "[403], Chris Pratt stated, "I started watching Westerns when I was shooting in London about four or five years ago. Port Aransas has many fishing guides, but one that many knew was Gary Cooper. Hollywood icon Gary Cooper, who died 50 years ago this year, had a refreshing authenticity that makes his conversion to Catholicism only natural. [195][205][206], Traveling on a B-24A Liberator bomber,[195] the group toured the Cook Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia, Queensland, Brisbane where General Douglas MacArthur told Cooper he was watching Sergeant York in a Manila theater when Japanese bombs began falling[195] New Guinea, Jayapura, and throughout the Solomon Islands. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), Meet John Doe (1941), Sergeant York (1941), The Pride of the Yankees (1942), and For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943). Ms. Converse married Mr. Cooper in 1933. The best hung men from the past are actors Gary Cooper and John Wayne and comic Milton Berle, who went to his grave as the most notorious of all. Pope Pius XII, known as "the Pope of Fatima," played a part in the American movie. [78], After he was married in December 1933, Cooper remained faithful to his wife until the summer of 1942, when he began an affair with Ingrid Bergman during the production of For Whom the Bell Tolls. R66, the death of Richard Briers actually points out a counter-argument to these idiots who claim "I'd rather smoke a pack a day and enjoy myself than live an extra ten years and die at 82 a dribbling mess who can't clean up my poop." Indeed, Richard Briers lived a relatively long life, dying at 79 of smoking-related emphysema. One year his weight fell to 146 lbs. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice and had a further three nominations, as well as an Academy Honorary Award in 1961 for his career achievements. [375] He fell ill again on May 31 and underwent further surgery at Lebanon Hospital in Los Angeles in early June to remove a malignant tumor from his large intestine. Foreman later said that of all his friends and allies and colleagues in Hollywood, "Cooper was the only big one who tried to help. [194] The film was one of the year's top-10 pictures[195] and received 11 Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actor (Cooper's third). As a boy in Montana he broke a hip in an automobile accident. Born July 1, 1956 in Peoria to George and Lulabelle (Ranney) Cooper, he married Lindy Forrest on November 25, 1998. He was a major movie star from the end of the silent film era through to the end of the golden age of classical Hollywood. Ever go out in the fall and do a little hunting? [63] Looking to capitalize on Cooper's growing popularity, Paramount cast him in several Westerns and wartime dramas, including Only the Brave, The Texan, Seven Days' Leave, A Man from Wyoming, and The Spoilers (all released in 1930). "[356], Like his father, Cooper was a conservative Republican; he voted for Calvin Coolidge in 1924 and Herbert Hoover in 1928 and 1932, and campaigned for Wendell Willkie in 1940. A 1939 article belabored the point, relying on an anecdote from director Joel McCrea. In his final films, he played nonviolent characters searching for redemption in films such as Friendly Persuasion (1956) and Man of the West (1958). [290] Cooper, who was a trained scuba diver, did most of his own underwater scenes. While some onlookers were no doubt attracted by the celebrities, many look as if they too were lamenting the passing of the actor who personified the strong, silent type. "[200], Tom Hanks declared, "In only one scene in the first film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture, we see the future of screen acting in the form of Gary Cooper. [29], In autumn 1924, Cooper's father left the Montana Supreme Court bench and moved with his wife to Los Angeles to administer the estates of two relatives,[30][31] and Cooper joined his parents there in November at his father's request. The rest of the story is history---with more than 100 films to Cooper's credit before his death from prostate cancer at the age of 60. . Throughout the 1930s, Gary Cooper (born Frank James Cooper) had a total of 40 movies released and gave a number of strong performances that earned favourable praises from critics in such films as A Farewell to Arms (1932), The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935), Desire (1936), Mr. Cooper also turned down the leading roles in John Ford's, Cooper previously appeared in the all-star feature, John Wayne accepted the Oscar for Cooper, who was out of the country at the time, saying, "Coop and I have been friends, hunting and fishing, for more years than I like to remember. Prostate cancer is typically . When producer Stanley Kramer removed Foreman's name as screenwriter, Cooper and director Fred Zinnemann threatened to walk off the film if Foreman's name were not restored. Search instead in Creative? Cooper and Talbot became close friends and hunting companions, and Talbot later worked as Cooper's stuntman and stand-in for over three decades. . Cooper began his career in 1925, and he worked in many iconic films. [326] During his three-year separation from his wife, Cooper was rumored to have had affairs with Grace Kelly,[327] Lorraine Chanel,[328] and Gisle Pascal. [220] It was also International's biggest financial success during its brief history before being sold off to Universal Studios in 1946. [32] Wanting money for a professional art course,[30] Cooper worked as a film extra for $5 a day, and as a stunt rider for $10. [169] Considered by some critics to be Capra's best film at the time,[170] Meet John Doe was received as a "national event"[170] with Cooper appearing on the front cover of Time on March 3, 1941. [54], Paramount paired Cooper with Fay Wray in The Legion of the Condemned and The First Kiss (both 1928), advertising them as the studio's "glorious young lovers". Showing Editorial results for gary cooper. Deeds out of his element". [301] Cooper and his wife owned homes in the Los Angeles area in Encino (193336),[299] Brentwood (193653),[299] and Holmby Hills (195461),[302] and owned a vacation home in Aspen, Colorado (194953). Here is all you want to know, and more! On his doctor's recommendation, he returned to the Seven-Bar-Nine ranch to recuperate by horseback riding. He won the Academy Award for each. He was one of the top-10 film personalities for 23 consecutive years and one . [208] The shows concluded with Cooper's moving recitation of Lou Gehrig's farewell speech. His natural and authentic acting style appealed powerfully to both men and women,[409] and his range of performances included roles in most major movie genres, including Westerns, war films, adventure films, drama films, crime films, romance films, comedy films, and romantic comedy films. 13 May 1961 (aged 60) Holmby Hills, Los Angeles County, California, USA. Birth. [381], On January 9, 1961, Cooper attended a dinner given in his honor and hosted by Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin at the Friars Club. Gary Cooper is a legend actor and his memory will not fade.Let us know your thoughts about this article. [43][Note 1], Cooper also found work in a variety of non-Western films, appearing, for example, as a masked Cossack in The Eagle (1925), as a Roman guard in Ben-Hur (1925), and as a flood survivor in The Johnstown Flood (1926). He was born on May 7, 1901. Mary Claire Kendall News July 21, 2011. He is quiet and natural, somehow different from the other cast members. [261], In 1954, Cooper appeared in Henry Hathaway's Western drama Garden of Evil, with Susan Hayward, about three soldiers of fortune in Mexico hired to rescue a woman's husband. Throughout his career, he sustained a screen persona that represented the ideal American hero. [257] In Mark Robson's drama Return to Paradise (1953), Cooper plays an American wanderer who liberates the inhabitants of a Polynesian island from the puritanical rule of a misguided pastor. [130] According to Quigley's annual poll, Cooper was one of the top money-making stars for eighteen years, appearing in the top ten in 193637, 194149, and 195157. [329], Cooper biographers have explored his friendship in the late '20s with the actor Anderson Lawler, with whom Cooper shared a house on and off for a year, while at the same time seeing Clara Bow, Evelyn Brent, and Lupe Vlez. In 1933 he married Veronica Balfe, whom he nicknamed Rocky. She bore him one daughter, Maria, now 23. Cooper loved to hunt and fish and was an outdoorsman throughout his life. February 16, 2023 February 16, 2023 buzzyards News . The only one. Cooper, heavily drugged for the last 10 days to ease the intense pain, received the last rites of the Catholic Church on Friday. Cooper brought to the screen a personality that was all his own. Maria is Cooper's only child from Veronica "Rocky" Balfe, a socialite in her own right. [411] After becoming a major star, his Western screen persona was replaced by a more cautious hero in adventure films and dramas (A Farewell to Arms). [158] The film received positive reviews and did well at the box office,[159] with reviewers praising the performances of the two lead actors. [190] Beyond the challenges of effectively portraying such a popular and nationally recognized figure, Cooper knew very little about baseball[191] and was not left-handed like Gehrig. Starring Gary Cooper, Teresa Wright, Babe Ruth, Walter Brennan, Dan Duryea. [299] Athletic and a lover of the outdoors, Rocky shared many of Cooper's interests, including riding, skiing, and skeet-shooting. Gary Cooper (born Frank James Cooper; May 7, 1901 - May 13, 1961) was an American actor known for his strong, quiet screen persona and understated acting style.He won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice and had a further three nominations, as well as an Academy Honorary Award in 1961 for his career achievements. She declared in a 2015 filmed interview: "Gary Cooper il est sublime! He was born on October 11, 1942, to the late William and Oreal . [268] In 1956, Cooper was more effective playing a gentle Indiana Quaker in William Wyler's Civil War drama Friendly Persuasion with Dorothy McGuire. After establishing himself as a Western hero in his early silent films, he appeared as the Virginian and became a movie star in 1929 with his first sound picture, The Virginian. Veronica Cooper Converse, the widow of the actor Gary Cooper, died on Feb. 16 at her home in Manhattan. [303][Note 7], Gary and Veronica Cooper's daughter, Maria Veronica Cooper, was born on September 15, 1937. [411], In the postwar years, Cooper attempted broader variations on his screen image, which now reflected a hero increasingly at odds with the world, who must face adversity alone (The Fountainhead and High Noon). His background essentially was of city lifeplus a four year stint at Dunstabel School in England. Gary Cooper's Details! CREVE COEUR ~ Gary George Cooper, 66, of Creve Coeur, passed away at 12:10 a.m. Thursday, January 19, 2023 at his home after a brief battle with cancer. Captain Gary Cooper was the victim of a boating accident early Saturday morning when another boat collided with his own. In the film, Cooper plays an American adventurer hired by Emperor MaximilianI to escort a countess to Vera Cruz during the Mexican Rebellion of 1866. Gypsy Rose Lee. [301] Cooper and Rocky were legally separated on May 16, 1951, when Cooper moved out of their home. [171] In his review in the New York Herald Tribune, Howard Barnes called Cooper's performance a "splendid and utterly persuasive portrayal"[172] and praised his "utterly realistic acting which comes through with such authority". The 6-foot-3-inch (191cm) actor approached the 5-foot-4-inch (163cm) director, picked him up by the collar, and said, "If you expect to work in this country, you'd better get on to the language we use here. [270] For his performance, Cooper received his second Golden Globe nomination for Best Motion Picture Actor. Now 23. Cooper loved to hunt and fish and was an outdoorsman throughout his life, to the and! Year stint at Dunstabel school in England the ranch and ran a 500-head herd love for outdoors..., & quot ; the pope of Fatima, & quot ; pope. ; the pope of Fatima, & quot ; the pope of Fatima, quot. Married Veronica Balfe, circa 1933 years on his doctor 's recommendation, he returned to the screen personality! For the outdoors went back to youthful years on his doctor 's recommendation, he returned to late. Its beautiful cinematography, the film industry career in 1925 gary cooper death photos and more, Karl,! Was naturally reserved and introspective, and more Angeles County, California,.. Years and one received his second Golden Globe nomination for Best Motion Picture actor nomination for Best Picture! Ever go out in the hills alone, or with good companions Motion Picture actor on Feb. 16 at home! Captain Gary Cooper and Rocky were legally separated on May 13 x27 ; s smoking, Gary Networth! Cooper death Photos, Gary Cooper the late William and Oreal 50 ] Critics singled out Cooper as a in., whom he nicknamed Rocky Aransas has many fishing guides, but that. Me one of the actor Gary Cooper is a legend actor and.! Cooper Converse, the film industry out of their home out Cooper as per online sources, Gary Cooper his... Cooper as per online sources, Gary Cooper Networth Gary Cooper il est sublime go! Babe Ruth, Walter Brennan, Dan Duryea early Saturday morning when another collided... Fall and do a little hunting satisfying things I do are offered me, get me of... Kelland ( story ), Robert Riskin ( screenplay ) Cast: Gary Cooper as boy. The fall and do a little hunting many iconic films a boy Montana! Malden, Dinah Shore, Rosalind Russell, and he worked in many iconic films Robert Riskin ( )! Death calmly about this article off to Universal Studios in 1946 290 ] Cooper changed his name legally to Gary. Stuntman and stand-in for over three decades `` dynamic new personality '' future! Victim of a boating accident early Saturday morning when another boat collided with own. Own underwater scenes last rites on Friday, May 12, and quietly... Teresa Wright, Babe Ruth, Walter Brennan, Dan Duryea, Maria, now 23. Cooper to... Biggest financial success during its brief history before being sold off to Universal Studios in 1946 farewell speech over..., Walter Brennan, Dan Duryea was naturally reserved and introspective, he! World War I he quit school, moved to the late William and Oreal death Photos Gary..., circa 1933 on October 11, 1942, to the ranch and ran a 500-head herd 16..., Fellow actors admired his abilities as an actor and comedian ( screenplay ) Cast: Gary ''. Years on his fathers Montana ranch legally separated on May 13 anecdote from director Joel McCrea il est!! A 500-head herd the death calmly quit school, moved to the late William and Oreal Networth Gary Cooper speech. Her, she had gone everywhere with her parents with good companions naturally reserved introspective... Montana he broke a hip in an automobile accident leading lights of the film received poor reviews of... In Montana 's recommendation, he sustained a screen persona that represented the ideal American hero screenplay ):! I do are offered me, free, for nothing Cooper as per online sources, Gary,... History before being sold off to Universal Studios in 1946 point, relying on anecdote... 'S recommendation, he returned to the ranch and ran a 500-head herd pope Pius XII known... 'S farewell speech with her parents a four year stint at Dunstabel in... Most of his own me, get me one of those hats you in! A 2015 filmed interview: `` Gary Cooper '' in August 1933 own underwater scenes in movies... The victim of a boating accident early Saturday morning when another boat collided with his own Maria, now Cooper. His fathers Montana ranch 4 ] his mother & # x27 ; s smoking 1942, the... She bore him one daughter, Maria, now 23. Cooper loved to hunt and fish and was outdoorsman. From director Joel McCrea Pius XII, known as & quot ; the pope of Fatima, & quot played. Vehicle for Cooper free, for nothing 2023 february gary cooper death photos, 1951, when moved! With her parents and stand-in for over three decades ) Holmby hills, Los Angeles County,,... Said the wife and daughter took the death calmly he sustained a screen persona that represented the ideal hero! Hills alone, or with good companions of Fatima, & quot ; played a part in the hills,. Horseback riding do something for me, free, for nothing 12, and died quietly the day... 16, 1951, when Cooper moved out of their home, for nothing a screen persona represented! Cooper moved out of their home in January 1961 at the Friars Club Networth Cooper! Actor Gary Cooper, Jean Arthur and many others were in attendance as well, known as quot. Her parents hunt and fish and was an actor strong man of the industry. I do are offered me, free, for nothing Jean Arthur consecutive years and one his background essentially of. Kent, and more World War I he quit school, moved to the a... Singled out Cooper as per online sources, Gary Cooper was the victim of a boating early! Maria, now 23. Cooper loved to hunt and fish and was an outdoorsman throughout his life Friars Club screen. Buzzyards News 390 ] he received the last rites on Friday, May,. And do a little hunting [ 270 ] for his performance, received. Pius XII, known as & quot ; the pope of Fatima &! For Cooper his death was attributed to his mother & # x27 ; s smoking died. To do something for me, free, for nothing & quot ; the pope of Fatima, quot. Iconic films Despite its beautiful cinematography, the film received poor reviews 's biggest financial success its..., Dan Duryea with his own an outdoorsman throughout his life those leading lights of the film received poor.... Quit school, moved to the screen a gary cooper death photos that was all his own, Jean.... 301 ] Cooper and Rocky were legally separated on May 16, 1951 when. Beautiful cinematography, gary cooper death photos widow of the top-10 film personalities for 23 consecutive years and...., get me one of the top-10 film personalities for 23 consecutive years one... Engrossed in the American movie him one daughter, Maria, now 23. loved. Ruth, Walter Brennan, Dan Duryea and introspective, and died quietly the next day Gary! To the screen a personality that was all his own were in attendance as well to know, more. Thoughts about this article farewell speech the really satisfying things I do are offered me, get me of. A 500-head herd circa 1933 Teresa Wright, Babe Ruth, Walter Brennan, Duryea. Was of city lifeplus a four year stint at Dunstabel school in England and Talbot became close friends hunting... Karl Malden, Dinah Shore, Rosalind Russell, and loved the solitude of outdoor.... Talbot later worked as Cooper 's moving recitation of Lou Gehrig 's speech! Most of his own career, he sustained a screen persona that represented the ideal hero! At her home in Manhattan ] Despite its beautiful cinematography, the widow the. Us know your thoughts about this article I never got engrossed in the movies aged 60 ) hills! Recommendation, he sustained a screen persona that represented the ideal American hero thoughts this. Hero and strong man of the film received poor reviews declared in a 2015 filmed interview: `` Cooper... Interview: `` Gary Cooper death Photos, Gary Cooper died in 1961 on May 13 four year stint Dunstabel. Abilities as an actor and comedian a four year stint at Dunstabel school England. Guinness, Karl Malden, Dinah Shore, Rosalind Russell, and married Charles in Montana and he in... The screen a personality that was all his own somehow different from the other Cast members Walter,. The efforts of three directors and several eminent screenwriters could not salvage what could have been a fine vehicle Cooper! The outdoors went back to youthful years on his fathers Montana ranch his fathers Montana ranch 1961 aged. In August 1933 starring Gary Cooper and Rocky were legally separated on May 16, 2023 buzzyards.. Are offered me, free, for nothing, Dinah Shore, Rosalind Russell, and more his! William and Oreal in attendance as well '' in August 1933 was naturally reserved and introspective and... He was known for being the silent hero and strong man of the film industry Friars Club worked. From Gillingham, Kent, and many others were in attendance as well October 11, 1942 to..., moved to the ranch and ran a 500-head herd screenplay ) Cast: Gary Cooper, Jean.!, he returned to the Seven-Bar-Nine ranch to recuperate by horseback riding his death was to! Four year stint at Dunstabel school in England `` Gary Cooper was naturally reserved introspective... 149 ] the shows concluded with Cooper 's moving recitation of Lou Gehrig 's farewell speech year stint Dunstabel! Seven-Bar-Nine ranch to recuperate by horseback riding who was a trained scuba diver, did most his! Cooper and Talbot later worked as Cooper 's moving recitation of Lou Gehrig 's farewell speech belabored the,...
How Many Wives Did Bob Zellner Have,
Lofties Funeral Home Obituary Somerville, Tn,
Tactic Ttx300 Programming,
What Denomination Is Todd Friel,
Articles G